EMF, The Woodpecker, Eugene, and You

[Ninurta]

I remember many many moons ago wile in the north of Norway I came across two towers on ether side of a  fjord just where the end of the fjord was, a very rusty notice read that it was part of a VLF ( very low frequency) navigation system. It seemed strange to me at the time, I was thinking more along the lines of communication system. It was in a very isolated place with only a small road following running around the base of the fjord. All the cables had been removed so it was not in use.
Only years later when X Files did an episode about VLF ELF did I remember it.
X Files season 6 episode 2   Drive

In areas of fringe radio reception (I live in one), weather has a tremendous effect on radio reception. On a 2 1/2 mile drive to work, I can pick up about 7 different radio stations on the same frequency during times of high humidity. They fade in and out, replace one another, and seeminly "swirl around" to be picked up again a few yards down the road, replacing yet another station, as if it's a battle of the radio stations. Sometimes all of them disappear altogether.

That's just from atmospheric humidity.

I wonder how powerful VLF, ELF, and ULF signals have to be to punch through a few hundred meters of solid water to reach submarines for navigation? One thing is certain - those same signals are far less attenuated through mere air, which is all that is between them and the rest of us, who are NOT submariners...

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